Politicans as actors

Guess the year this was written:

“The greatest opportunity in American history to educate the voters by debating the large issues of the campaign failed. The main reason … was the compulsions of the medium. “The nature of both TV and radio discussion programs are compelled to snap question and answer back and forth as if the contestants were adversaries in an intellectual tennis match. Although every experienced newspaperman and inquirer knows that the most thoughtful and responsive answers to any difficult question come after long pause, and that the longer the pause the more illuminating the thought that follows it, nonetheless the electronic media cannot bear to suffer a pause of more than five seconds; a pause of thirty seconds of dead time on the air seems interminable. Thus, snapping their two-and-a-half minute answers back and forth, both candidates could only react for the cameras and the people, they could not “think.” Whenever either candidate found himself touching a thought too large for two-minute exploration, he quickly retreated. Finally, the television-watching voter was left to judge, not on issues explored by thoughtful men, but on the relative capacity of the two candidates to perform under television stress.”(Daniel J. Boorstin)

Thus we entered the age of actor as politician, and politician as rock star.